(Français) Exemple de configuration de sudoers

Parcourant les notes techniques de sécurisation d'un serveur Linux proposées par l'ANSII (Voir ce PDF),
je me suis penché sur les problématiques de configurations  de sudoers.

Pour que des normes de sécurité correctes soient misent en place,
il est nécessaire que les utilisateurs ne puissent pas usurper l'identité d'autre utilisateurs.

Pour les administrateurs, cette restriction peut être mise en place au niveau des sudoers en bloquant l'accès à "su",
visudo et aux shells, les utilisateurs n'ayant besoins d'accéder qu'à une liste de commandes spécifiques.

On peut ensuite n'autoriser qu'un groupe d'administrateur bien spécifique à modifier les sudoers et placer des règles via SELinux pour réguler l'édition.

L'exemple de cas ci-dessous présente un panel complet des différentes fonctionnalités proposées par le fichier sudoers et permet de générer sa propre configuration.

# Sample /etc/sudoers file.
#
# This file MUST be edited with the 'visudo' command as root.
#
# See the sudoers man page for the details on how to write a sudoers file.
#

##
# User alias specification
##
User_Alias	FULLTIMERS = millert, mikef, dowdy
User_Alias	PARTTIMERS = bostley, jwfox, crawl
User_Alias	WEBMASTERS = will, wendy, wim

##
# Runas alias specification
##
Runas_Alias	OP = root, operator
Runas_Alias	DB = oracle, sybase

##
# Host alias specification
##
Host_Alias	SPARC = bigtime, eclipse, moet, anchor:\
		SGI = grolsch, dandelion, black:\
		ALPHA = widget, thalamus, foobar:\
		HPPA = boa, nag, python
Host_Alias	CUNETS = 128.138.0.0/255.255.0.0
Host_Alias	CSNETS = 128.138.243.0, 128.138.204.0/24, 128.138.242.0
Host_Alias	SERVERS = master, mail, www, ns
Host_Alias	CDROM = orion, perseus, hercules

##
# Cmnd alias specification
##
Cmnd_Alias	DUMPS = /usr/sbin/dump, /usr/sbin/rdump, /usr/sbin/restore, \
			/usr/sbin/rrestore, /usr/bin/mt
Cmnd_Alias	KILL = /usr/bin/kill
Cmnd_Alias	PRINTING = /usr/sbin/lpc, /usr/bin/lprm
Cmnd_Alias	SHUTDOWN = /usr/sbin/shutdown
Cmnd_Alias	HALT = /usr/sbin/halt
Cmnd_Alias	REBOOT = /usr/sbin/reboot
Cmnd_Alias	SHELLS = /sbin/sh, /usr/bin/sh, /usr/bin/csh, /usr/bin/ksh, \
			 /usr/local/bin/tcsh, /usr/bin/rsh, \
			 /usr/local/bin/zsh
Cmnd_Alias      RESTRICTED      = /bin/vi /etc/sudoers, /bin/nano /etc/sudoers, /bin/su - root, \
			 /bin/su - , /usr/sbin/visudo
Cmnd_Alias	VIPW = /usr/sbin/vipw, /usr/bin/passwd, /usr/bin/chsh, \
		       /usr/bin/chfn

##
# Override built-in defaults
##
Defaults               syslog=auth
Defaults>root          !set_logname
Defaults:FULLTIMERS    !lecture
Defaults:millert       !authenticate
Defaults@SERVERS       log_year, logfile=/var/log/sudo.log

##
# User specification
##

# root can run anything on any machine as any user
root		ALL = (ALL) ALL
# admin group can run anything except RESTRICTED and SHELLS commands
%admin		ALL = (ALL) ALL, !RESTRICTED, !SHELLS
# sudoers group can only edit sudoers file 
%sudoers        ALL = (ALL) /usr/sbin/visudo
# full time sysadmins can run anything on any machine without a password
FULLTIMERS	ALL = NOPASSWD: ALL

# part time sysadmins may run anything but need a password
PARTTIMERS	ALL = ALL

# jack may run anything on machines in CSNETS
jack		CSNETS = ALL

# lisa may run any command on any host in CUNETS (a class B network)
lisa		CUNETS = ALL

# operator may run maintenance commands and anything in /usr/oper/bin/
operator	ALL = DUMPS, KILL, SHUTDOWN, HALT, REBOOT, PRINTING,\
		sudoedit /etc/printcap, /usr/oper/bin/

# joe may su only to operator
joe		ALL = /usr/bin/su operator

# pete may change passwords for anyone but root on the hp snakes
pete		HPPA = /usr/bin/passwd [A-z]*, !/usr/bin/passwd root

# bob may run anything on the sparc and sgi machines as any user
# listed in the Runas_Alias "OP" (ie: root and operator)
bob		SPARC = (OP) ALL : SGI = (OP) ALL

# jim may run anything on machines in the biglab netgroup
jim		+biglab = ALL

# users in the secretaries netgroup need to help manage the printers
# as well as add and remove users
+secretaries	ALL = PRINTING, /usr/bin/adduser, /usr/bin/rmuser

# fred can run commands as oracle or sybase without a password
fred		ALL = (DB) NOPASSWD: ALL

# on the alphas, john may su to anyone but root and flags are not allowed
john		ALPHA = /usr/bin/su [!-]*, !/usr/bin/su *root*

# jen can run anything on all machines except the ones
# in the "SERVERS" Host_Alias
jen		ALL, !SERVERS = ALL

# jill can run any commands in the directory /usr/bin/, except for
# those in the RESTRICTED and SHELLS aliases.
jill		SERVERS = /usr/bin/, !RESTRICTED, !SHELLS

# steve can run any command in the directory /usr/local/op_commands/
# as user operator.
steve		CSNETS = (operator) /usr/local/op_commands/

# matt needs to be able to kill things on his workstation when
# they get hung.
matt		valkyrie = KILL

# users in the WEBMASTERS User_Alias (will, wendy, and wim)
# may run any command as user www (which owns the web pages)
# or simply su to www.
WEBMASTERS	www = (www) ALL, (root) /usr/bin/su www

# anyone can mount/unmount a cd-rom on the machines in the CDROM alias
ALL		CDROM = NOPASSWD: /sbin/umount /CDROM,\
		/sbin/mount -o nosuid\,nodev /dev/cd0a /CDROM

Sources